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Marsh Arabs
The Marsh Arabs ((アラビア語:عرب الأهوار) ''ʻArab al-Ahwār'' "Arabs of the Marshlands"), also known as the Maʻdān ((アラビア語:معدان)), are inhabitants of the Tigris-Euphrates marshlands in the south and east of Iraq and along the Iranian border.
Comprising members of many different tribes and tribal confederations, such as the Āl Bū Muḥammad, Ferayghāt, Shaghanbah and Banī Lām, the Maʻdān had developed a unique culture centered on the marshes' natural resources. Many of the marshes' inhabitants were displaced when the wetlands were drained during and after the 1991 uprisings in Iraq.
==Culture==
''Madan'' means "dweller in the plains (''ʻadan'')" and was used disparagingly by desert tribes to refer to those inhabiting the Iraqi river basins, and normally people will call them as MAIDA (Anu) by those who farmed in the river basins to refer to the population of the marshes.〔Wilfred Thesiger, ''The Marsh Arabs'', Penguin, 1967, p.92〕 There was a considerable historic prejudice against the Maʻdān, partly as they were considered to have Persian or Indian origin by the sunni Iraqi people, even though there are %100 Arabs, and mostly because of they refused to bow to the sunni dictatorship.
The Maʻdān speak a local dialect of Iraqi Arabic and traditionally wore a variant of normal Arab dress: for males, a long shirt or ''thawb'' (in recent times, occasionally with a Western-style jacket over the top) and a ''keffiyeh'' headcloth worn twisted around the head in a turban as few could afford an ''ʻiqāl''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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